n (Itügan)[地]於都斤山,561注
A"uchu[人]阿忽出,见Aquchu
Augsburg[地]奥格斯堡,179
Aulie-Ata[地]奥李·阿塔,见Talas (town)
Aunjetitz[地]奥涅提兹,4
Aurelian[人]奥列里安,73
Aurel Stein[人]奥瑞尔,斯坦因,见Stein, Sir Mark Aurel
Aurignacian culture[文]奥瑞纳文化,3
“Aurignacian Venus”[文]奥瑞纳女神像,3
Austrasia[朝]奥地利,173,174
Avak[人](梯弗里斯牧师)阿瓦克,358
Avares, Avari[族]阿瓦尔人,见Avars
Avaria[地]阿瓦尔人之地,175-176
Avars (Abares; Abaroi; Avares; Avari)[族]阿瓦尔人,xxiii-xxiv,xxviii,67,79,82,84-85,171-177各处,193,546注
Avicenna[人]阿维森纳,244
Ayamish[人]阿牙迷失,302
Ayas[地]剌牙思(拉齐卡),见Lajazzo
Aydin[地]艾登,449,451,452
Ayil(camps)[专]阿寅勒,196
Ayman, aymaq(tribes or army corps)[专]爱马克(部,或军团),516,530
Ayoshka[地]阿约什卡,558注
Ayuka[人]阿玉奇,522
Ayurparibhadra[人]爱育黎拔力八达,见Buyantu
Ayurshiridhara[人]爱猷识礼达腊,324,325,502
Ayyub[人]阿优布,541
Ayyubids[朝]阿尤布王朝,189,261,359-365各处
Azerbaijan[地]阿塞拜疆(阿哲儿拜占),151,155,158,169,240,245,260,261,262,263,309,315,334,339,359,361,366,368,389,390,398,405,429,430,437,456,458,459,461,462
"Aziz, al-[人]阿尔·阿吉兹,360
Azov (town)[地]亚速(城)(参看塔那),见Tana
Azov, Sea of[地]亚速海,15,79,80,172,173,176,177,181,182,246,407,436
Baalbek[地]巴勒贝克,447
Ba"arin[族]八邻部,194,202,218,599注
Ba"atur(as title)[专]巴阿秃儿(称号),194,222
Ba"atur (Ba"atur-khongtaiji)[人]巴图尔洪台吉,523,526,540
Babulsar[地]麦什德·萨尔,见Meshed-i-Sar
Baber[人]巴布尔,417,464,482,483,484,497,498
Babur-mirza[人]巴布儿·米儿咱,460,461
Babylon[地]巴比伦,7,9
Bachanak[人]佩彻涅格人,见Petchenegs
Bacninh[地]北肮,290
Bactra (Balkh)[地]巴尔赫,巴里黑城,xxi,40,68,85;参见Balkh (city)
Bactria (Balkh; Ta-hsia; Tokharistan)[地]巴克特里亚(大夏,吐火罗斯坦),xxii,28-32各处,51,67-71各处,82-83,85,93,172;参见Balkh (region);Tokharistan
Badai[人]把带,210
Badakhshan (Badascian)[地]巴达克山,65,69,70,71,305,312,340,346,409,411,414,542
Badi"az-Zeman[人]巴迪·匝曼,465,481
Badma Sambhava[人]巴德马沙布黑威,629注
Badr ad-Din Lulu[人]别都鲁丁卢卢,263-264,359,366
Baga-tarkhan[人]莫贺达干,115,566注
Baghatur(as title)[专]巴哈秃儿(称号),194
Baghdad[地]巴格达,报达,151,355-356,357,359,367,368,389,390,397,420,426,429,430,433,434,435,450,456,458,462
Baghdad,caliphate[朝]巴格达哈里发朝,参看阿拔斯王朝,见Abbasids
Bagi(as title)[专]别乞(称号),195
Bagrach, Lake (Bagrach Kol)[地]博斯腾湖,46,424
Bagrat V[人]伯格拉特五世,430
Bahmanids[朝]巴赫曼小苏丹国,444
Bahram Chobin[人]巴赫拉姆·楚宾,85,141
Bahram Gor[人]巴赫拉姆·哥尔,67-68
Bahram-shah[人]巴赫拉姆沙赫,159
Bai[地]拜城,426,492,497
Baibars[人]拜巴斯,364,366,370,398
Baibuqa[人]台不花,见Taibuqa
Baida, al-[地]拜达城(参看伊提尔),见Itil
Baidar (Peta)[人]拜答儿,264,266
Baidarik[地]拜塔里克河,536,581注
Baidu[人]拜都,377,378
Baiju[人]拜住,263,271,281,282,347,348,349,350,355,359,361,596注
Baikal, Lake[地]贝加尔湖,xxii,xxvi,xxvii,25,114,192,194,205,208,479,503,504,507,544注
Bailey, H. W.[人]贝利,30
Baiqara[人]拜哈拉,456,457,458
Bairam Khwaja[人]拜拉姆·瓦加,391
Baishing[地]板升,629注
Baitistan (Great Pulu)[族]巴蒂斯坦,大勃律,118
Bajazet (Bayezid; Bayazid)[人]巴耶塞特,435,448,450-451,452
Bajazet II[人]巴耶塞特二世,483
Bak-chor[人]默啜,见Mo-ch"o
Bakhchisarai (Qirq-yer)[地]巴赫切萨拉伊,471,475
Baki(as title)[专]别乞(称号),195
Bala (活跃于1222)[人]八剌(札剌儿部那颜),242
Bala (Bela;活跃于1252)[人]八拉,330
Baladitya[人]槃罗迭多,71
Balaklava[地]巴拉克拉瓦,406
Balamir (Balamber)[人]巴拉米尔(巴拉贝尔),38,73
Balanjar[地]巴伦加尔,180
Balasagun[地]八拉沙衮,133,144,145,147,164-165,233,234,236,312
Balc[地]巴里黑城,巴尔赫,见Balkh (city)
Baljuna[地]班朱尼河,211,415,583注
Balkan Mountains[地]巴尔干山脉,175,176,184-185
Balkh (city; Balc)[地]巴尔赫城,巴里黑城(参看巴克特里亚),116,142,143,146,166,240,243,305,312,340,346,409,411,412,414,415,431,456,457,460,461,481,485,486,487;参见Bactra
Balkh (region)[地]巴尔赫地区(参看巴克特里亚和吐火罗斯坦),117,153,160,414;参见Bactria; Tokharistan
Balkhash, Lake (Atrek-Kul)[地]巴尔喀什湖,xxiii, 53,55,67,72,80,95,113,114,115,119,120,148,234,238,255,270,275,277,326,335,424,425,480,489,507,508,522,531
Baltic[地]波罗的海,395
Bamian[地]巴米安,范延,50-51,97,167,241,271,329,334
Baniyas[地]巴尼亚斯,363
Banjara[人]班家拉,629注
Baqi Muhammad[人]巴基·穆罕默德,486
Baraghun-ghar (bara"un-gharorqar; barun-ghar; right or west wing)[专]右翼军,223,509,629注
Baranduk[人]巴兰都黑,480
Baraq (Ghiyath ad-Din)[人]八剌,292,327,332,333-334,369,401,606注
Bara"un-ghar (qar)[专]右翼军,见Baraghun-ghar
Barca[人]别儿哥,见Berke
Barchuq[人]巴而术,233,234,238,329-330
Bardhaa[地]巴尔德哈,437
Barghu (Barghuchin; Barquchin; Barqujin)[地]八儿忽真隘,205,208,582注
Bar Hebraeus[人]巴赫布拉攸斯,191,362,367,377,396
Barkiyaruk[人]巴尔基雅鲁克,155
Barkol[地]巴里坤,42,48,55,126,536,538
Bar Kol, Lake[地]巴里坤湖,47,126,569注
Barla[族]巴鲁剌部,见Barula
Barlas[人]巴鲁剌思部哈吉,见Hajji Barlas
Barnaoul[地]巴尔瑙尔,525
Baroghil Pass[地]巴罗吉尔山口,119
Barquchin, Barqujin[地]八儿忽真隘,见Barghu
Barquq[人]贝尔孤格,433,434,441,446-447
Barsa-bolod[人]巴尔斯博罗特,509,510
Bartan-ba"atur[人]把儿坦巴阿秃儿,198
Bartatua[人]巴塔图亚,8-9
Barthold, V. V.[人]巴托尔德,113,120,126,145,149,154,165,179,181-182,194,195,198,201,222,238,239,253,272,275,277,328,333,341,377,380,395,397,400,407,421,440,441,442,479,480,525,531
Barula (Barla)[族]巴鲁剌部,194
Barun-ghar[专]右翼军,见Baraghun-ghar
Bashkirs[族]巴什基尔人,403,472,522,576注
Basil II (Byzantine emperor)[人](拜占庭皇帝)巴西尔二世,182
Basil II (the Blind; Russian ruler)[人](罗斯统治者,瞎子)巴西尔二世,470
Basil III (Vasili Ivanovich; Russian ruler)[人](莫斯科大公,瓦西里·伊凡诺维奇)巴西尔三世,473
Basmil[族]拔悉蜜,112,113,569注,588注
Basra[地]巴士拉,315,458
Bastarnae[族]巴斯塔尔尼人,72-73
Batchman[人]八赤蛮,264
Bateni[地]巴捷尼,18
Battle of the Marshes[专]麦什德之战,412
Battle tactics[专]战术,9,23,24,74-75,224-226,228,229,242-243,245,283;artillery,529,530,540,625注;大象,use of,290,308,339,340,445,447,451,572注;火器,530,532,540;骑兵射手,7,8,23,75,223,224,553注-554注;围攻机械,283,287,450
Batu (Sain-khan)[人]拔都(赛恩汗),254,264-276,281,282,350,392-396,512,594注,596注
Bayan (活跃于582)[人]巴颜,173-174
Bayan (活跃于650)[人]巴颜(保加尔人首领),176
Bayan (Nayan; 1301-09)[人]伯颜(白帐汗),335,403
Bayan (Po-yen;活跃于1276)[人]伯颜(将领),286,287,292,294,599注
Bayan (死于1340)[人](权臣)伯颜,323
Bayan-chor[人]默延啜,见Mo-yen-cho
Bayan Selduz[人](速勒都思部)巴颜,343,345,346,409,410
Baya"ut[族]伯牙吾惕,194
Bayazid, Bayezid[人]拜牙即(迷里拜牙即)见Bajazet; Mir Bayezid
Bayirku[族]拔野古,109,110
Bayisangghur[人]巴义山格呼儿,629注
Baysonqor (Baysonkur)[人]拜孙哈尔,464
Begjik[人]别克吉,411
Beha ad-Din (Beha ad-Din Muhammad)[人]贝哈哀丁,367,609注
Beha ad-Din Marghinani[人]火者·巴海乌丁,329
Beha ad-Din Razi[人]贝哈哀丁拉齐,588注
Beit Abe[地]拜特·阿比,357
Bek(mayor of the palace)[专]伯克(宫廷侍长),577注
Bekter[人]别克台尔,199,200
Béla IV (of Hungary)[人](匈牙利王)贝拉四世,266,267
Bela[人]八拉,见Bala
Bela Vezha, Belaya Vezha[地]白城(沙克尔),见Sarkel
Belgrade (Singidunum)[地]贝尔格莱德(辛吉杜蒙),76,174
Belgutai[人]别里古台,199,293
Belisarius[人]伯里沙留斯,79
Belor[人]波罗,见Bolor
Benaket[地]别纳客忒,238,338
Benedict XII, Pope[人]本尼狄克十二世,304,319,341-342,404
Benedict de Goes[人]鄂本笃,500
Bengal[地]孟加拉,70,444
Benveniste, émile[人]贝文尼斯特,10
Berdibeg[人]别儿迪别,405
Berke (Barca)[人]别儿哥,264,265,274,305,332,363,365,366,369,394,397-400各处,420,615注
Berkejar[人]别儿克贾,333,401
Besasiri[人]贝撒希瑞,151
Berry (France)[地]贝里(法国),178
Beshbaligh (Dzimsa; Kiu-shih; Kucheng; Peiting)[地]别失八里(吉木萨,车师,古城,北庭),42,44,46,47,48,95,100,112,113,114,125,126,144,164,197,233,272,282,305,312,326,327,329,330,331,335,351,400,569注
Bessarabia[地]比萨拉比亚,4,9,174
Beth Garmai[地]伯斯卡迈,368
Beya[地]别亚,18
Bezeklik[地]伯子克力克,52,96,98,124
Bhamo[地]八莫海峡,290,308
Bhanugupta[人]巴奴芨多,70
Bhatnair[地]帕特奈尔,444
Bichura[地]比丘拉,558注
Bichurskoye[地]比楚尔斯科雅,551注
Bihar[地]比哈尔,70;参见Magadha
Bihzad[人]毕赫札德,465
Bilga(as title)[专]必勒格,195
Bilik(“sayings”)[专]必里克(箴言),221
Bilqas[地]比勒加斯,362
Binhdinh[地]平定,290,309
Birar[族]比拉尔族,515
Birecik[地]比雷吉克,361
Birkeh-i Gurian[地]比耳哈·古里安,423
Bistam[地]比斯坦,390
Bithynia[地]比萨尼亚,385,452
Bitlis[地]比德里思,262
Black Irtysh[地]黑额尔齐斯河,也儿的石河,也儿的石河上游,82,190,255,312,338,424,425,479,510,512,523,525,537
Black Sea[地]黑海,8,73,173,177,185,268,276,374,392,405
Black Sheep[朝]黑羊王朝,见Qara-Qoyunlu
Bleda[人]布勒达,75
Blue Mongols (Koka Mongol)[专]蓝蒙古人,或青蒙古人,xxv,585注
Blue Turks (Kak Türk)[专]蓝突厥人,或青突厥人,86,585注;参见T"u-chüeh
Bocolabras (shaman; sorcerer)[宗]男巫,172
Bodi (Bodi-khan)[人]博迪汗,510
Bodunchar[人]孛端察尔,193
Boga(shaman)[宗]巫师,172,195
Bogdo Ala[地]博格达拉山,95
Bogdo-khan[人]土谢图汗,见Tushetu-khan
Boghorchu[人]博儿术,见Bo"orchu
Boghul (slaves; vassals)[专]孛斡勒(奴隶、属臣),195,222
Bogü[人]匐俱,110
Bogurji[人]博儿术,见Bo"orchu
Bohemia[地]波希米亚,175
Bohemund VI[人]波赫蒙德六世,360,361,362,363
Boibeghus Ba"atur[人]拜巴噶斯巴图尔,523
Bokhan[人]波汗,85,173
Boleslav IV[人]博列思老四世,266
Boleslav V (the Chaste)[人](贞洁者)博列思老五世,399
Bolgar (town; Bolgarskoye; Bolgary; Uspenskoye)[地]保加尔人的城市(今波尔加利,乌斯平斯科伊),264,393,401,594注
Bolgars[族]保加尔人,见Bulgars
Bolgarskoye, Bolgary[地]波尔加利城,见Bolgar (town)
Bolghai[人]孛鲁合,275,285,286
Bolkhojinong[人]博勒呼济农,509
Bolod (活跃于1285)[人]孛罗(丞相),304,378,381
Bolod (约1407-12)[人]不剌汗,见Pulad
Bolod (place)[地]普拉德,见Pulad
Bolod Temür[人]孛罗帖木儿,324
Bolor (Belor)[地]波罗,306
Bon-posorcery[宗]本教,523
Bonus[人]波鲁斯,174
Bo"orchu (Boghorchu; Bogurji)[人]博儿术,200,206,210,223,589注
Boraqchin[人]博剌克斤,397
Boraq Hajjib[人]霍吉勃博剌克,260,353
Bordeaux[地]波尔多,375
Bordei-Herastrau[文]波德·希拉斯特安文化,6
Boris[人]鲍里斯,177
Borjigin[族]孛儿只斤部,193,199-200,207,217,505
Bor Nor[地]贝尔湖,捕鱼儿湖,192,198,203,210,502,510,529
Borodino[地]博罗季诺,4
Boroqul[人]博罗浑,206,210
Borotala[地]博罗塔拉,102,554注
Borovka, G. I.[人]波罗夫卡,14,16
Borte[人]孛儿帖,200,201,218,219,220,394
Borte-cino[人]孛儿帖公主,554注
Bosporus (city)[地]博斯普鲁斯城,见Panticapaeum
Bosporus (strait)[地]博斯普鲁斯海峡,174,175
Bosporus, Cimmerian[地]博斯普鲁斯,见Cimmerian Bosporus
Boucher, Guillaume[人]布歇,纪尧姆,280,281
Bronze age[专]铜器时代,4-5,6
Brussa[地]布鲁萨,见Bursa
Buchin[人]布金,334
Budaq[人]沙·布达克,481
Buddha (Buddha Sakyamuni; Sagamoni Burcan)[宗]佛陀,308;relics, 298,308,533
Buddhagupta[人]佛陀笈多,70,71
Buddhism[宗]佛教(参见喇嘛教),xxiii,32,48,49,51,60,63,65,66,70,95,96,98,99,101,111,118,125,220,237,275,276,277,290,297-300,327,367,379,383,527,628注;和尚,602注;翻译文本49,59,96,97,124,299;道人,597注,602注;参见Lamaism
Buddhist art[文]佛教艺术,48-53,64,65,70,96-99,122,124
Buerova Mogila[人]布诺瓦,16
Bug (river)[地]布格河,5,10,392
Bughra-khan Harun[人]博格拉汗哈仑,144,145,147
Bughra Sali Tutuq[人]博格拉·萨利·吐吐克,568注
Bugur[地]布吉尔,344
Bujai[人]布贾,386
Bukhara[地]布哈拉,不花剌(城),96,116,117,118,120,141,142,144,145,146,147,149,165,168,169,239,243,244,254,255,305,326,327,328,332,333,335,340,344,345,370,412,413,438,464,465,481,483-489,496,498,531,540
Bukharia[地]布哈拉地区,486,526
Bukovina[地]布科维纳,4
Bulaji (Puladshi)[人]播鲁只,344,422
Bulan[人]布兰可汗,577注
Bulat (Pulad)[人]布拉特,532
Bulgaria[朝]保加利亚国,178,268,402,403,449;Great Bulgaria,176
Bulgarians (Bulgars)[族]保加利亚人(保加尔人),399,402
Bulgar language[文]保加尔语,577注
Bulgars (Bolgars)[族]保加尔人,保加利亚人,xxviii,174,175-176,177,185,186,247,264,392,393,441
Buluk[地]布鲁克,549注
Bumin (T"u-men)[人]布明(土门),81,82,86
Bunchagan, Lake[地]布察干湖,581注
Buqa Timur[人]不花帖木儿,355
Burgas[地]布尔加斯,174,177
Burgundians[族]勃艮第人,56,60,449
Burgundy[地]勃艮第,178
Burhan ad-Din[人]布汉哀丁,391,449
Burhan ad-Din (Great Khoja)[人]包尔汉丁(大和卓),541-542
Büri (活跃于1240)[人]不里,264,265,275,607注
Büri (活跃于1270)[人]不里,334,338,607注
Buri-boko[人]不里孛阔,204
Buri-tigin (Tamgatch-khan)[人]贝里特勤,147,572注
Burma (Mien)[地]缅甸,290-291,308
Burni[人]布尔尼,519-520
Burqan Qaldun[地]不儿罕合勒敦山(肯特山),见Kentei
Bursa (Brussa)[地]布鲁萨,420,451
Burut[族]喀喇吉尔吉斯,见Kara-Kirghiz
Buscarel de Gisolf[人]布斯卡尔,375,376
Bushang[地]布格申,427
Butkhanaha(pagan temples)[地]异教寺庙,359
Bu"ura[地]布拉河(不兀剌川),201
Buyang-ghulai[人]布颜格呼赖,629注
Buyan-quli[人]巴颜合里,343
Buyan Shiban[人]布颜昔班,301
Buyan Temür[人]卜颜帖木儿,325
Buyantu (Ayurparibhadra)[人]普颜笃(爱育黎拔力八达),321,340
Buyids[朝]布威朝,143,150-151,152,153,354-355
Buyiruq[人]不亦鲁,205,208,215,584注
Buyur, Lake[地]捕鱼儿湖,206
Buzar[人]布札儿,234,235
Byskar[地]拜什卡尔,558注
Bytom[地]比托姆,399
Byzantine Empire[朝]拜占庭帝国,57,62,82-85,153,172,173-175,177,179-180,182,184,186,385,399,401,402,452
Byzantium[地]拜占庭,参看君士坦丁堡,见Constantinople
Cacianfu[地]河间府,见Hokien
Caesarea[地]凯撒里亚,154,273,349
Caffa (Feodisiya)[地]喀发(费奥多西亚),319,342,403,404,405,407,471,472,473
Cahen, G.,[人]卡亨,402
Cahun, Léon[人]卡洪,224,247
Cail (Kayal)[地]卡亚尔,311
Cailac[地]海押立,见Qayaligh
Cairo[地]开罗,364,387
Caitan, Caiton[地]刺桐,(泉州),见Chüanchow
Cambaluc[地]汗八里,(北京),见Peking
Cambay, Gulf of[地]坎贝湾,309
Cambodia[地]柬埔寨(高棉),见Khmer
Campiciu[地]甘州,见Kanchow (Kansu)
Campsay[地]杭州,见Hangchow
Campus Mauriacus[地]莫里亚库斯驻地,76
Camul[地]哈密,见Hami
Cansay[地]杭州,见Hangchow
Canton (Sincalan)[地]广州(辛迦兰),287,290,305,308,309-310,315,323,324,518,605注
Cappadocia[地]卡帕多细亚,8,9,154,155,157,370,391,449
Carachoco[地]哈剌火州(吐鲁番),见Turfan
Caragian (kingdom)[朝]云南国,见Yunnan
Caragian (town)[地](云南;大理城)哈剌章,见Tali
Caraian[朝]云南(王国),见Yunnan (kingdom)
Caramoran[地]黄河,见Yellow River
Caria[地]卡里亚,452
Carl, Jean[人]J.卡尔,51
Carnatic[地]卡纳蒂克,311
Carnuntum,[地]卡农图姆,175
Carolingians[族]加洛林王朝人(也参看查理曼),60,158,178;参见Charlemagne
Carpathian Mountains[地]喀尔巴阡山脉,73,75,176,177
Carpini[人]迦儿宾,见Piano Carpini
Cascar[地]喀什城,见Kashgar
Casimir IV (of Poland)[人](波兰的)卡西米四世,470
Caspian Sea[地]里海,8,93,185,245,400,508,521,523,525
Catalonia[地]加太罗尼亚,74
Cathay[地]契丹,306,309
Catherine II (of Russia)[人](俄国的)叶卡捷琳娜二世,477
Catholic Church[宗]天主教教会,见Christianity条下
Cattaro[地]科托尔,见Kotor
Caucausus[地]高加索,6,8,9,11,176,181,240,246,263,366,376,392,397,419,433,442,522
Cavalry[专]骑兵,见Archers,mounted;Horse
Ceylon[地]锡兰国,298,308,311,315
Chaban[地]佛誓,见Vijaya
Chadak[地]哈达克,488
Chagan[人]察罕,223
Chagan (Zagan; Andrew)[人]察甘,376
Chagatai[人]察合台,见Jagatai
Chaghan[人]察罕,259
Chaghan-ordo[朝]白帐汗国(查罕·斡耳朵),见White Horde
Chaghan Tatar[族]察罕塔塔儿部,207-208
Chaghan Temür[人]察罕帖木儿,323,324
Chagri-beg[人]查基尔拜格,150
Chagri-khan Jalal ad-Din[人]恰格里汗·贾拉尔·阿德·丁,574注
Chahar (people)[族]察哈儿人,509-514,517,519,530,538,629注
Chahar (place)[地]察哈尔,xxii,xxv,25,164,285,288,507,516
Chaka (Jeku)[人]术客,402,403
Chakravartin(as title)[宗]查克拉瓦蒂(佛教词汇中为“宇宙之君主”),298
Chalcedon[地]卡尔西登,174
Chalish[地]察力失(焉耆,喀拉沙尔),见Kara Shahr由卝纹卝人卝书卝屋卝整卝理
Cham (Jam)[地]剑河,584注
Champa (Ciamba; Cyamba)[朝]占婆,289-290,308,315
Champagne (region)[地]香巴尼地区,178
Chandrapida[人]真陀罗秘利,118-119
Chandu[地]上都府,见Shangtuho
Changan (Fengyuanfu; Kingchaofu; Qan-baliq; Quegianfu; Sera metropolis; Sian)[地]长安(京兆府),xxix,34,38,41,56,57,58,59,61,63,66,81,83,89,90,92,100,120,126,127,232,307,599注,604注,605注
Chang Ch"uen[人]张骞,30,34
Changchow[地]常州,287
Ch"ang-ch"uen[人]长春真人,见Kiou Ch"ang-ch"uen
Changchun[地]长春,516
Chang Hiao-sung[人]张孝嵩,117
Ch"ang Huei[人]常惠,37
Chang Kuei[人]张珪,299
Changping[地]昌平,107
Changsha[地]长沙,284,287
Chang Shih-ch"eng[人]张士诚,323,324
Chang Shih-ch"ung[人]张世忠,511
Chang Shih-kie[人]张世杰,287
Chang Shuen[人]张顺,287
Changteh[地]彰德(参看邺城),65,130,137,232;参见Ye
Chang-ti[人]汉章帝,42,44
Changyeh[地]张掖,35,41
Chan Kue[人]张贵,287
Chao[朝]赵国,20
Ch"ao (paper currency)[专]钞(纸币),297,310,377
Chao, Hou-[朝]后赵,见Hou-Chao
Chao, Ts"ien[朝]前赵,见Ts"ien-Chao
Chaochow[地]潮州,287
Chaochow[地]赵州,108
Chao Huei[人]兆惠,538,541
Chao Hung[人]赵珙,199
Chao K"uang-yin[人]赵匡胤(宋太祖),见T"ai-tsu
Chao Meng-fu, school of[文]赵孟頫瞓学派,223
Chao-modo[地]昭莫多,530
Chao Pao[人]赵彪,54
Chao Pao-ki (Li Ki-ts"ien)[人]赵保机(李继迁),132
Chao P"o-nu[人]赵破奴,35
Chao Ssu-wen[人]赵思温,129
Chao To-ming[人]赵德明,133
Chaoyang[人]朝阳,557注
Chao Yüan-hao[人]赵元昊,133
Chapar[人]察八儿,295,335,336,338,384
Chapogir[族]恰波吉尔人,515
Charchan[地]车尔城,见Cherchen
Charin[地]察里恩河,460
Charkhlik[地]恰克里克城(参看罗不),见Lop
Charlemagne[人]查理曼,82,158,175
Charpentier, Jarl[人]查尔彭蒂尔,29,30
Cha"ur-baki[人]察兀儿别吉,209
Chavannes, édouard[人]沙畹,42
Che Ch"an[人]支谶,49
Che-che[人]致支,37,38,55,72
Che-che yun-tu, Mount[地]《元史》折折运都山,212
Chekiang[地]浙江,137,287,308,323,324,518
Che K"ien[人]支曜,49
Chenab[地]杰纳布河,446
Chenchow[地]镇巢,304,503,599注
Cheng Ki[人]郑吉,37
Ch"eng T"ang[人]陈汤,38
Chengting[地]正定,108,130,132,229
Chengtu (Sindufu)[地]兴都府,307,310,598注
Chenkiang (Cinghianfu)[地]镇江,137,139,302
Chen-kin (Chinkim)[人]真金,302,321
Ch"en Mu[人]陈睦,43,46
Chen-tsung[人]宋真宗,132,133
Ch"en Yu-liang[人]陈友谅,323,324
Cherchen (Charchan; Ciarcian)[地]车尔城,306
Cheremis[族]切列米斯人,472
Cherman[地]起儿漫,见Kerman
Chernigov[地]切尔尼戈夫,10,246,265
Chernoziom[地]切尔诺柔姆,547注
Chernyakhov[地]切尔尼亚霍夫,73
Chersonesus,85;[地]刻松城,参见Kherson
Chertomlyk[地]切尔托姆雷克,7,10,546注
Ch"eu Ou[人]崔瑀,599注
Chi[地]蓟(今天的北京),见Peking
Ch"i, Pei-[朝]北齐,见Pei-Ch"i
Chiangmai (Xiengmai; Pape)[地]清迈,291,600注
Chia Ssu-tao[人]贾似道,284,286
Ch"i-chia-p"ing[文]齐家坪文化,3
Chichow[地]池州,287
Ch"ien Han Shu[书]《前汉书》,21,29,30-31
Ch"ien-lung[人]乾隆,xxx,518,520,537,538-539,542
Chihli, Gulf of[地]直隶湾,14,230
Chihtan[地]志丹(保安),见Paoan
Chih Tao[人](傅安)之道,见Fu An
Chila"un[人]赤老温,200,206
Chilgerboko[人]赤勒格儿力士,201
Chilperic[人]查尔帕里克,58
Chimbai[人]赤不拜,200
Ch"in[朝]秦朝,20,26-27
Chin (12th-13th cent.)[朝]金国,见Kin
Chin, Hou-[朝]后金,见Hou-Chin
Ch"in, Hou-[朝]后秦,见Hou-Ch"in
Ch"in, Hsi-[朝]西秦,见Hsi-Ch"in
Chin, northern or western[朝]晋(北晋或称西晋),54,55
Chin, southern or eastern[朝]晋(南晋或东晋),56-57
Ch"in Ts"ien-[朝]前秦,见Ts"ien-Ch"in
China, Republic of[朝]中华民国,323,519,529
China Sea[地]中国海,308
Chinaz[地]契纳兹,412
Chinggis-khan[人]成吉思汗,见Jenghiz Khan
Chingintalas[地]欣斤塔剌思,603注
Chingiz[地]青吉兹,215
Chin Huai-ti[人]晋怀帝,56
Chinkiang[地]镇江,287
Chinkim[人]真金,见Chen-kin
Chin Min-ti[人]晋愍帝,56
Chinqai[人]镇海,257,268,270,272,274,351
Ch"in Shih Huang-ti[人]秦始皇,20,26,101
Chintimur,[人]真帖木儿,351
Chios[地]希俄斯岛,452
Chirchik (Parak)[地]奇尔奇克河(帕拉克河),244,463,496
Chigirin[地]奇吉林,15
Chita[地]基塔,25,37,551注
Ch"iu-chiu-ch"ueh[人]邱就却,见Kujula Kadphises
Chiu Shih-ssu[人]瞿式耜,518
Chkalov[地]奥伦堡,见Orenburg
Chmielnik[地]赫梅尔尼克,266
Chochow[地]涿州,131,132,570注
Chofang[地]朔方,34-35
Chol[族]沙陀,见Sha-t"o
Choligh-buqa[人]绰里吉不花,301
Chopan (Juban)[人]出班,385,387
Chormaghan (Chormaqan)[人]绰儿马罕,261-262,263,347-348,350,351,359
Choros (Olot; Tsoros)[族]绰罗斯部,503,520-521,523-528各处,531,537,538,539,540;参见Oirat
Chosroes I Anoshirvan[人]库思老一世(阿奴细尔汪),82,83
Chosroes II Parviz[人]库思老二世(帕维兹),51,85,174
Chou, Hou-[朝]后周,见Hou-Chou
Chou, Pei-[朝]北周,见Pei-Chou
Chou Ta-kuan[人]周达观,291
Chowkowtien[地](北京)周口店,3
Christianity[宗]基督教,165,179,180,186,220,263,281,282,300,312,313-314,319,341-342,348,356-358,360,361,363,377,379,401,402,404;主教,300;参见Jacobites; Nestorianism
Chu[地]楚河,38,67,82,102,133,144,145,165,189,204,233,236,244,254,277,326,343,395,397,423,425,508
Chüanchow (Caitan; Caiton; Zayton)[地]泉州(刺桐),287,291,305,308,310,311,312,314,319,604注
Chuchow (Cugiu)[地]处州,308
Chufut-Kale[地]基尔基,见Kirki
Chuguchak[地]楚固恰克,xxiii,95,164,424,526
Ch"u-lo[人]处罗,89
Ch"u-mi[族],处蜜,100
Ch"u-mu-kuen[族]处木昆,115
Chumysh[地]楚麦什河,525
Chung[人]忠,43,45
Ch"ung-cheng[人]崇祯帝,517
Ch"ung-fu-ssu(government department)[专]崇福司,300
Chung-hei[人](金王)永济,140,227,230
Chunghing[地]中兴府(参看宁夏),见Ningsia
Chungli (Fengyang)[地]钟离(凤阳),65
Chungshan (Tingchow)[地]中山(今保定南部的定州),59,60
Chung-tu[地]中都(北京),见Peking
Chuong-duong[地]升隆,290
Chu Sho-fu[人]竺朔佛,49
Chuvash (people)[族]楚瓦什人,177,472,559注
Chuvash (mountain)[地]楚瓦什山,489
Chuvash language[文]楚瓦什语,577注,559注
Ch"u Wen[人]朱温,127
Chu Yüan-chang[人]朱元璋,见Hung-wu
Ch"u-yueh[族]处月部,见Sha-t"o
Cialis[地]察力失(喀拉沙尔),见Kara Shahr
Ciamba[地]占城,见Champa
Ciangli[地]滋阳,见Tsiyang
Cianglu[地]长卢,见Tsanglu
Ciarcian[地]车尔城,见Cherchen
Cilicia (Little Armenia)[地]西里西亚(小亚美尼亚),8,9,263,264,269,271,281-282,305,312,347,360,361,362,363,370,371,379,382,384
Cimmerian Bosporus[地]辛梅里安人的博斯普鲁斯,xxvi,18,25,39
Cimmerians[族]辛梅里安人,v,4-5,6,8,9,10,11,25,545注
Cinghianfu[地]镇江,见chenkiang
Circassia[地]塞卡西亚,376,442
Circassians[族]契尔克斯人,246
Clavijo[人]克拉维约,453
Clement V, Pope[人](教皇)克力门五世,314,384
Clovis[人]克洛维,63
Coal, mining of[专]煤矿,309
Cocachin[人]阔阔真,见Kokachin
Coigangiu[地]淮安,见Hwaian
Coilum[地]奎隆,见Quilon
Colchis[地]科尔奇斯,8
Confederates[族]卫拉特人,见Oirat
Confucianism[宗]儒教,64,299,300
Confucius[人]孔子,64
Constantine V[人]君士坦丁五世,177
Constantine VII (Porphyrogenitus)[人]君士坦丁七世,177,178,182,577注
Constantine X (Ducas)[人]君士坦丁十世,185
Constantine Diogenes[人]康士坦丁·台吉勒斯,182
Constantine Tych (of Bulgaria)[人]君士坦丁泰奇,399
Constantinople (Byzantium)[地]君士坦丁堡(拜占庭),xxviii,xxix,56,57,174,176,182,184,276,319,374,399,449,452,453,533
Cordier, Henri[人]考狄尔,316
Corlu[地]乔尔卢,184
Costume[专]服饰,7,8,20,21,51,52,74,97-98,124,223
Cotan[地]于阗(和田),见Khotan
Council of Lyons[专]路易斯宗教委员会,370
Courant, Maurice[人]考朗特,510,515,526,531,532
Coyat[人]科亚特,277贼吧Zei8。
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